edit lufact A=[2 1 1 0; 4 3 3 1; 8 7 9 5; 6 7 9 8 ] A([1 3],:) = A([3 1],:) L1=eye(4); L1(2:4,1) = -A(2:4,1)/A(1,1) format rat L1 A = L1*A P1=eye(4); P1([1 3],:)=P1([3 1],:); P2=eye(4); P2([2 4],:)=P1([2 4],:); P2*A P2=eye(4); P2([2 4],:)=P1([4 2],:); P2*A L2=eye(4); L2(3:4,2) = -A(3:4,2)/A(2,2) A = L2*A A P3=eye(4); P3([3 4],:)=P3([4 3],:); A = P3*A L3=eye(4); L3(4:4,3) = -A(4:4,3)/A(3,3) L3*A P2 I=eye(4); I - (I(:,4)-I(:,2))*(I(:,4)-I(:,2))' A=[2 1 1 0; 4 3 3 1; 8 7 9 5; 6 7 9 8 ] [L,U,P] = lupivot(A) P*A-L*U [L,U] = lu(A) [L,U,P] = lu(A) [L,U] = lu(A)